Measuring, recording and verifying greenhouse gas emissions and mitigation
Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) methodology for GHG emission reductions through multi-site manure collection and treatment in a central plant. This methodology applies to project activities where manure is collected by tank trucks, canalized and/or pumped from multiple livestock farms and the collected material is subsequently treated in a single central treatment plant.
UNFCCC-CDM
2008
Version 1.0
Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) methodology for implementation of manure management systems. This methodology is applicable to manure management on livestock farms where the existing anaerobic manure treatment system, within the project boundary, is replaced by one or a combination of more than one animal waste management systems (AWMSs) that result in less GHG emissions compared to the existing system. The methodology is also applicable to Greenfield facilities.
UNFCCC-CDM
2013
Version 8.0
This document outlines the required validation and verification that GHG emission reduction projects must complete in order to be registered as serialized ERTs. However, the document does not describe verification of GHG inventories or for verification of projects using California Air Resources Board (ARB) compliance offset protocols. The link is a direct downloadable PDF, visit the American Carbon Registries webpage on Validation and Verification to find out more.
ACR (version 1.1)
2012
The American Carbon Registry (ACR): Winrock International, Little Rock, Arkansas.
American Carbon Registry (ACR), approved GHG offset methodology for Grazing Land and Livestock Management (GLLM) developed by Winrock International. This methodology is applicable for global dairy and beef production, with mainly focusing on five primary GHG sources, sinks and reservoirs (SSRs): fossil fuel emissions, enteric methane, manure methane, nitrous oxide from use of fertilizer, and biotic sequestration in biomass and soils.
American Carbon Registry
2014
This website features an interactive, downloadable livestock density/location dataset. It is based on the Gridded Livestock of the World 2.0 dataset, which is described here.
ILRI, FAO, and ULB-LUBIES
The Global Livestock Environmental Assessment Model (GLEAM) is a spatially explicit life cycle assessment model for the livestock sector. Using input data on herd, feed, and manure management, it calculates GHG emissions for livestock supply chains (6 species) using an IPCC Tier 2 methodology. Model outputs include:
A simpler, excel-based version of the model (GLEAM-i) is also available. The website provides whole site translation in several languages.
FAO, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations: Rome, Italy
This paper describes the RUMINANT model, which has been used for livestock MRV. RUMINANT is an IPCC Tier 3 digestion and metabolism model for ruminants. The model estimates production of milk and meat, manure production, N excretion, and methane emissions from feed using stoichiometric calculations.
Herrero M, Havlik P, Valin H, Notenbaert A, Rufino MC, Thornton PK, Blummel M, Weiss F, Grace D, Obersteiner M
2013
PNAS
This paper presents a framework for synthetic assessment of MRV systems based on UNFCCC criteria for credible MRV. The framework is applied to case studies of two existing monitoring and evaluation systems in Kenya’s dairy sector to investigate the extent to which these systems could be used as the basis for collection and reporting of activity data for a dairy sector NAMA in Kenya.
Wilkes A, Rosenstock TS, Namoi N, Fraval S
2018
CCAFS Working Paper No. 231. Wageningen, Netherlands: CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security
This report identifies the current commitments, gaps, and opportunities for enhancing GHG mitigation and adaptation in the agriculture sector (crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries, and aquaculture).
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
2017
Environment and natural resources management Working Paper 67; FAO: Rome, Italy